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Jahangir (AH 1014-1037 /1605-1627 AD), Jaler جلیر Mint, Silver Rupee, AH 1031, Month: Azar (Sagittarius), Obv: Persian legend “Noor-ud-din Jahangir Shah Akbar Shah” in elegant calligraphy, Rev: Persian legend “Elahi mah Azar” (Sagittarius) at top, full mint name “zarb Jaler” clearly visible at the bottom, flanked by the Hijri year 1031 and a mace-like symbol at the right, 11.7g, 19.69mm, (KM # 145.8), minor test mark, cleaned, sharp &amp; centrally struck, superb high quality with luster, choice specimen, XF-AU, Exceedingly Rare.

<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">Note:&nbsp;<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-highlight:yellow;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">This coin <span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-highlight:yellow;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">from<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-highlight:yellow;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr"> The <span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-style:italic;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-highlight:yellow;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">Jaler Mint<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">, dated&nbsp;<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-style:italic;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">AH 1031<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-style:italic;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">,<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr"> was struck in direct response to&nbsp;<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">the <span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">Mughal Empire’s loss of Qandahar<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">&nbsp;<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">to <span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-style:italic;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-highlight:yellow;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">Safavid Ruler<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">&nbsp;<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-style:italic;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-highlight:yellow;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">Shah Abbas I<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">, a major political and military setback. With Qandahar gone,&nbsp;<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">the Mughal administration urgently established the Jaler mint<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">&nbsp;near&nbsp;the unstable frontier of modern-day <span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-highlight:yellow;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">Pakistan<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr"> and <span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-highlight:yellow;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr">Afghanistan<span style="mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-font-family:Mangal;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;" lang="EN-US" dir="ltr"> to support troop payments and regional governance.Internal court conflicts, especially between&nbsp;Prince Khurram (later Shah Jahan)&nbsp;and&nbsp;Empress Nur Jahan, further delayed efforts to Reclaim Qandahar.<o:p></o:p>Previously misread as&nbsp;‘Hapur’&nbsp;or&nbsp;‘Jalesar’,&nbsp;paleographic analysis confirms the correct reading as&nbsp;“Jaler”, based on the formation of the&nbsp;‘Lam’&nbsp;and ‘Re’&nbsp;characters.<o:p></o:p><o:p></o:p>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p><o:p></o:p>

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